2^nd International Conference and Expo on Novel Physiotherapies June 9-11, 2016 London, UK

Regardless of the age, race, gender and cultural identity, all skill levels, every one share the idea of benefiting from active participation in sport and recreation activities. All sports for all agencies have common principles in their objectives. They aim to promote active participation in sport for all activities and the idea of volunteering in the administration, maintenance and support projects, programs and events that promote a unique network of sport enthusiasts and sports create for all participants. Sport for All helps to put the Olympic Movement’s values into practice in terms of promoting health, education and well-being through sports activities practiced by all categories of the population without distinction. Likewise, Turkish Sport for All Federation has been promoting an active life through sport in Turkey since June, 1980. Under the umbrella of Turkish Sport for All Federation (TSFAF), considerable level of awareness has been recorded as an important development for the past 30 years. Upon several successful events and achievements, the federation changed its status and established very strong relations with international sport for all movements, including TAFISA in which the federation received full membership in the same year. Just after a very short period, the federation was involved in a series of important international projects like hosting some important events such as 22nd World Congress of TAFISA in Antalya (2011); the foundation assembly of Balkan Sport for All Association in 2010 in Istanbul, and 2 international Balkan SFA festivals respectively in Edirne (2010) and in Bodrum (2011). Such events provided the TSFAF members a broader perspective in the idea of disseminating culture of sport in Turkey. In this poster presentation some sample activities and their effectiveness in Turkey will be introduced. erdalzorba@hotmail.com

Deborah Walker has been a practicing physical therapist for twenty four years. She is a faculty member with the Department of Physical Therapy and hold two clinical specialty certifications, one in orthopedics and one in geriatrics. One of her clinical areas of expertise is the upper quadrant and shoulder. Cheryl Hickey, PT, MS. EdD. The principal investigator has her masters in physical therapy and has been a licensed physical therapist for over seventeen years. She is an Assistant Faculty member in the Department of Physical Therapy. She has also taught clinical electrophysiology at the graduate and doctoral level for approximately 13 years and has guided a previous study using the application of electrical stimulation.

Altered scapular motion and position, termed scapular dyskinesis, is commonly treated in physical therapy clinics and is often a component of shoulder pain. Conventional therapeutic exercise programs to treat dyskinesis address impaired muscle recruitment in an effort to normalize scapular-humoral rhythm. Treatment durations can range up to 12 visits with varying success. There are no studies that examine traditional therapeutic exercise programs with the addition of triggered electrical stimulation (ES) as a motor cue to relearn appropriate patterns of scapular movement. The purpose of this pilot study was to compare therapeutic exercise with an ES cue, to therapeutic exercise with a sham cue, to examine a motor learning effect in subjects with scapular dyskinesis. The hypothesis was that the ES group would be different in manual measures and in video inspection compared to the sham (non-stimulation) group. Subjects: 12 subjects (representing 15 scapulae) from a university campus sample of convenience, who met the inclusion criteria, were randomized into the ES or sham groups. Materials/Methods: Pre-data collection, intra-rater reliability for the manual measures was established (r=.60). An expert clinician assessed for visual winging of the scapula at rest and during active flexion and abduction following an intake questionnaire. Subjects were video-taped and distance measurements were taken at (0°, 45°, 90° and 120° abduction) prior to treatment, referencing the ipsilateral-side of the thoracic spinous process and the medial aspect of the scapular inferior angle. Both ES and sham groups were given three exercises cited as having low upper trapezius/lower trapezius (UT/LT) ratios. Exercises were performed four times a week, two times independently and two times with the researchers using ES cueing or sham cueing. Electrical cueing was provided via a handheld switch. A biphasic-pulsatile current was used. The frequency and pulse-width were 25pps and 250usec, respectively. The intensity was comfortable and produced scapular retraction. Results: Results indicated manual measurements of the scapular distance were consistent and not significantly different across the ES and sham groups at 0° and 45° degrees. No significant change was found across the control group for 90° or 120°. However, at 120° the intervention group showed a significant difference in measurements (p=.003). Mean results also showed that although the sham group started in better scapular positioning with 1.73cm less excursion than the ES group (sham 8.44cm and ES 10.17cm), the ES group’s post treatment end with a 2.76cm change, and surpassed the control by a large margin. On-going preliminary video reviewing visually confirms this analysis. Conclusions: This quick, simple intervention (ES cue with three exercises) on subjects who started with poorer scapular positioning (at 120°), yielded significant mean changes compared to subjects who were not electrically cued. In addition, consistency was noted on pre and post-test measures at 0° and 45° between treatment groups with the manual spinous process to inferior angle measurements.

Il-Tae Jang is the Founder and Chairman of Nanoori Hospital (Spine and Joint). His special areas of interest is spinal diseases and geriatric spinal diseases. He has completed his Bachelor’s degree and PhD in Medicine from Korea University. He is an adjunct Professor in the Neurosurgery Dept. in the Medical School of Korea, Ewha Women’s and Yonsei University. He acquired the educational commission for foreign medical graduates (ECFMG) certification, and became an Executive Director of the Korean Neurosurgical Society (KNS) and the Korean Spinal Neurosurgery Society (KSNS).

There have been a few studies about cervical alignment up to now. However, it is still needed to understand comprehensively the morphological trends of cervical alignment and its range of motion (ROM) on x-ray images. The aim of this study is to identify the morphological trends of cervical alignment and the correlation between ROM on cervical spine x-ray and pre-operative outcomes in the patients underwent cervical spinal surgeries. Total 354 patients who had cervical spinal surgeries from January 1st, 2013 to December 31st, 2014 were included in this study and 56 patients were excluded because they didn’t have all types of x-ray images (flexion, extension and lateral positions), T1 vertebral body could not be detected or vertebral fracture was found on x-ray images. They were divided into 4 groups based on cervical alignment types (lordotic, straight, sigmoid and kyphotic types). We measured cervical alignment parameters and clinical outcomes preoperatively. Especially ROM based evaluations were conducted between radiographical variables and clinical outcomes. Radiographical measurment was performed by 2 independent researchers. IBM SPSS Statistics version 22 was used for correlation analysis and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). There were significant differences among 4 groups for whole cervical lordosis (WCL) ROM, lower cervical lordosis (LCL) ROM and cervical tilt (CT) ROM (p<0.001, p<0.000 and p<0.028, respectively) and there were significant correlation between WCL ROM and VAS shoulder/neck disability index (NDI) (p<0.002/0.014), LCL ROM and VAS shoulder/NDI (p<0.002/0.015), CT ROM and VAS shoulder/NDI (p<0.003/0.001). This research is a part of cervical alignment big data accumulation and it was identified that cervical ROM and pre-operative clinical outcomes were correlated and also 4 morphological cervical types have each ROM trend. However, x-ray image has several limitations in evaluating pain or disability.

B J Lehecka is an Assistant Professor at Wichita State University in Wichita, KS. He is the Director of Wichita Running, a clinic for runners and sports teams. His research is focused on gluteal endurance measures and their relationship to running-related injuries. He is a PhD Candidate in Orthopedic and Sports Science at Rocky Mountain University of Health Professions. In addition to university lecturing, he has been an invited speaker for 20 continuing education conference lectures. He has published multiple articles relevant to sports physical therapy. bryan.lehecka@wichita.edu

The purpose of this study was to gather normative data and correlations for measures of gluteal strength, power, and endurance for 18-35 year-old healthy adults. Clinicians can use this data as guidelines for enhanced evaluation of gluteal function. Normative data found using measures of gluteal strength, power, and endurance can be used to better predict a safe return to a patient’s prior level of function. It is hypothesized that low to moderate correlations will be found between activities requiring separate fiber types, more specifically, between the endurance and power activities. Currently there is little research regarding correlations between gluteal strength and endurance, and how the addition of gluteal endurance training to gluteal strengthening during the rehabilitative process will provide increased readiness for return to activity. Forty males and females aged 18-35 with no history of surgery in the last year, no history of lower extremity or back pathology, and without current pregnancy were chosen from a sample of convenience. Gluteal strength was measured dynamometry and maximal isometric contractions, gluteal power was measured via vertical jump and the Vertec jump tool, and gluteal endurance was measured using repeated single leg bridging. The results of this study confirm the hypothesis that low to moderate correlations exist between endurance and power or strength activities of the gluteal muscles. This study suggests gluteal endurance training in addition to power and strength training may provide a more comprehensive prevention strategy to minimize the risk of injury in healthy subjects.

Alex Anzelmo is currently persuing his PhD at the University of Hertforshire (UK). He was previously an international professional Athlete and was the Head Physiotherapist for Great Britain Basketball for over 10 years. He has worked at several Olympic games, World championships, European championships and Commonwealth games as a Physiotherapist.

An uncompromised blood flow (BF) is vital to the normal homeostatic functioning of all humans. When tissue damage occurs from trauma, increased BF occurs as part of the healing and repair process. Physical therapy claims to increase BF to these damaged tissues and thereby improve healing rates. The injured person’s healing process can become impaired or dysfunctional by various parameters e.g., disease and lack of nutrition. An ability to increase BF once it has been compromised, is important in maintaining homeostasis and healing. An ability to achieve increased BF and measure any changes caused by a therapeutic intervention are central to this research. The majority of studies have considered skin blood flow (SBF), this study will investigate common therapies that claim to increase BF in both superficial and deeper lying tissue. This will be achieved by considering 3 forms of physical therapy that purport to have an effect on BF: 1. Electrical Stimulation (ES) modalities, 2. Thermal modalities, 3. Non-Thermal modalities. Historically, the measurement of SBF is related to the penetration depth of the available equipment. Some studies have postulated that there is a correlation between SBF and BF in the deeper structures (muscle (MBF); however a relationship has not been shown. The design of the experimental protocol will attempt to answer whether this relationship exists or not. Varying claims have been made by authors using various modalities in order to obtain alterations in BF. A review of literature (LR) found that electrotherapy could increase the rate of wound healing. Others found that there was “insufficient scientific evidence for efficacy of widely used electrotherapy treatment in physiotherapy”. Numerous devices exist that claim to increase BF. Much of the literature is still inconclusive with regards to its validation of these BF changes. Thus, a need to have high quality and empirically supported research which supports these modalities claims is needed in order to fully evaluate the said devices.

Gait analysis using digital goniometry and cinematography is easy, less expensive and feasible in clinical set up. The aim of the study was to find out the inter reliability of kinematics of hip knee and ankle joint and temporal parameters during the gait cycle in the normal paediatric population using digital goniometry and cinematography. It was a cross sectional analytical study done on 100 normal school going children with age 6 to 12 years. Videos of sagittal views of the subjects were recorded. Once the video graphic data (100 videos) was obtained, each video was converted into 500 frames using “video converter to jpg” software. The data measurements were divided into: Frame selection; measurements of kinematics of hip, knee and ankle joints using digital goniometer (M B ruler). Kinematics measurment was done 3 rater two time with gap one week on saem videos for inter intra rater reliability. Data analysis was done using intra class coefficient (r value) of correlation among three raters in different phases of gait and it revealed, Hip: initial contact r=0.901, mid stance r=0.77, terminal stance r=0.73, mid swing: r=0.81. Knee: initial contact r=0.57, mid stance: r=0.63, terminal stance r=0.69, mid swing: r=0.95. Ankle: knee: initial contact r=0.58, mid stance r=0.87, terminal stance r=0.94, mid swing: r=0.96. This study shows that there is a good inter rater reliability of the kinematic measurements of hip knee and ankle joint during the gait cycle in the normal pediatric population using digital goniometry and cinematography.

Bhalerao Gajanan is working as an Associate Professor and Head of Department of Physiotherapy in Neurosciences at Sancheti Institute College of Physiotherapy, Shivajinagar, Pune. He is pursuing his PhD in Physiotherapy from Maharashtra University of Health Sciences (MUHS) Nashik and completed Master of Physiotherapy (Neurosciences) from Pune University. He was Pune University topper in Master Program 2007. He completed his basic & advance NDT certificate course from NDTA USA. He has done certified training in basic and advance research methodology, basic and advance medical education teaching technology and 2D & 3D gait analysis. He is a member of Indian Association of Physiotherapy and Maharashtra State Occupational and Physiotherapy Council, India. gajanan_bhalerao@yahoo.com

Pei-Yu Su completed her Bachelor’s degree and became a graduate student of Physical Therapy at National Taiwan University in Taiwan (2015). She is a licensed Physical Therapist in Taiwan. She is the Director of the Headquarters of Asia Physical Therapy Student Association. She currently works with Dr. Wei-Li Hsu in the Movement Science Laboratory. Her research interests are motion analysis and osteoporosis. suecho.tw@gmail.com

Background: Fall is considered as a main cause of accident injuries in older adults, especially in people with lower bone mineral density, i.e. osteopenia or osteoporosis. Treadmill perturbation training can not only improve the ability of postural control but also increase the amount of load exercise, which is beneficial for maintaining bone mineral content. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of perturbation-based balance training on bone mineral content in older adults with osteopenia. Methods: Seven older adults with osteopenia (age: 69.43±3.51 years; height: 156.51±5.76 cm; weight: 58.56±5.76 kg; T-score: -1.64±0.73; Bone mineral content: 2.24±0.46 kg) participated in this study. Data of body composition was collected using a multi-frequency bio-electrical impedance analyzer in the pre-/post-test. Participants received eight-week balance training for two sessions per week, one hour per session. A split-belt balance perturbation treadmill and the modular interactive tiles system were used in the training. The treadmill training includes unexpected anterio-posterior and side-to-side perturbation during quiet standing and treadmill walking. Results: After the eight-week training, the bone mineral content (2.36±0.49 kg, p=0.001) and segmental lean mass of right lower extremity (6.86±1.70 kg, p=0.022) increased significantly. No significant difference was found in other segmental lean mass, skeletal muscle mass, fat free mass and fat. Conclusions: Perturbation-based balance training might improve bone mineral content in older adults with osteopenia, which is the risk factor for falls and fractures.

Jo-En Chien is a graduate student in the School and Graduate Institute of Physical Therapy at National Taiwan University, Taiwan. She completed her Bachelor’s degree of Physical Therapy in the Department of Physical Therapy at Tzu Chi University in Taiwan. She is a licensed Physical Therapist in Taiwan. She currently works with Dr. Wei-Li Hsu in the Movement Science Laboratory at National Taiwan University in Taiwan. Her research interests are falls and the body movement in older adults. ruoen.jian@gmail.com

Background: Walking is commonly reported daily activity in leisure time and usually used to evaluate dynamic balance in older adults. The movement of the whole body center of mass relative to the center of pressure indicates the gait stability. The inclination angle is defined as the angle between the line passing through the center of mass and center of pressure reference to the vertical line. Inclination angle has been used to evaluate balance performance. In the previous study, the inclination angle decreased in anteroposterior and increased in mediolateral direction during walking when compared to the young adults. The changes in inclination angle in older adults indicated their declined dynamic balance control and might increase the risk of fall. Perturbation-based training has been proved that can increase the distance of functional reaching in older adults. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine that whether the perturbation balance training can improve the balance control during walking in older adults. Methods: Older adults who can ambulate independently without assist device were included in this study. They attended an eight-week balance training course for two sessions per week, 1 hour per session. The split-belt balance perturbation treadmill and the modular interactive tiles system were used in the training. Motion analysis system with 10 cameras and 3 force plates were used to collect kinetic and kinematic data. Results: Seven older adults were included in this study (3 females, age: 69.06±3.07 year-old, height: 159.42±5.72 cm, weight: 61.51±6.34 kg). The anteroposterior inclination angle was significantly increased at toe off (18.65±9.21 degree, p=0.046), but was not changed at heel strike (10.74±12.08 degree, p=0.740). There were no significant differences in the mediolateral inclination angle at heel strike (15.61±12.43 degree, p=0.402) nor at toe off (16.62±11.87 degree, p=0.196) after the training. Conclusion: After eight-week dynamic perturbation training, the increased anteroposterior inclination angle at toe off during walking might indicate the improvement of dynamic balance performance in older adults. Future study will focus on the training effect in older adults with high risk of fall.